A Generalized Input± Output Multiplier Calculus for Australia

نویسندگان

  • MANFRED LENZEN
  • M. Lenzen
چکیده

A static, generalized input± output framework for calculating simple multipliers is presented for Australian data. In this framework, capital investment and imports are internalized into domestic inter-industrial intermediate demand, non-square matrices are introduced in order to enable the inclusion of ® ner detail commodity data, and matrices in both monetary and physical units are employed. A range of labour and energy multipliers are calculated, referring to total output, ® nal demand, ® nal consumption, basic values, producers’ prices, purchasers’ prices, commodities and industries. Uncertainties of multipliers are assessed in detail, using Monte Carlo simulations.

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تاریخ انتشار 2001